Recently in Social Factors Category

Abolish the Police?

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Some ideas of the soft-on-crime crowd are simply misguided, but some are so bizarre as to make one question their sanity. Christopher Rufo has this article in the City Journal, with the above title, on one of the latter variety.

In writing my review of John Pfaff's anti-incarceration book Locked In, I was particularly struck by his argument that the absence of the incarcerated, criminal parent from the household was bad for the children and therefore an unaccounted-for cost to society.

This seemed to me to be a bad case of "Can't See the Trees for the Forest Syndrome," i.e., the fallacy of finding a fact that is true for the average of a group and assuming it is true for every member of the group.

Behaving Badly

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Matt DeLisi and John Paul Wright have this article in the City Journal on the actual "root cause" of crime, poverty, and "mass incarceration": bad behavior.

Pointing out this inconvenient truth is a sure-fire way to get savagely attacked.

Wisdom From The Past

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Debates over crime today frequently involve issues of race. In these debates, many progressives regard it as taboo to suggest that "disparities" in arrests, prosecutions, incarceration, or even school discipline might be largely the result of differences in offending rates rather than unequal treatment by authorities. Coleman Hughes has this op-ed in the WSJ reminding us that Martin Luther King (whose birthday is observed six days late on Monday) did not regard it as taboo.

If conservatives whitewash King's opinions on economics and foreign policy, then progressives whitewash his views on race. King discussed many topics that now are considered taboo, if not racist, on the left. Consider the problem of violence in the black community. King lamented "frequently and consistently" seeing "brutal acts and crimes by Negroes against Negroes." "In many a week in Chicago," he observed in 1966, "as many or more Negro youngsters have been killed in gang fights as were killed in the riots there last summer." A glance at today's homicide statistics in Chicago shows that little has changed since King made that observation, yet such violence gets scant attention from racial-justice activists.

King also highlighted counterproductive behavioral patterns in the black community--the third rail for today's racial activists. The current view among progressives is that cultural self-criticism is noble when whites do it but "victim blaming" when blacks do it. In contrast, King held that regardless of racial identity, "one of the sure signs of maturity is the ability to rise to the point of self-criticism," as expressed in a 1960 address.

The final goal King staked for his Southern Christian Leadership Conference was to "reduce the cultural lag" in the black community. And he was clear about the nature of this lag. "Some Negroes have become cynical and disillusioned," he said in 1960. "So many have used their oppression as an excuse for mediocrity. Many of us live above our means, spend money on nonessentials and frivolities, and fail to give to serious causes, organizations, and educational institutions that so desperately need funds. Our crime rate is far too high."
Developments in psychology are worth keeping an eye on. You never know what new theory is coming soon to a criminal courtroom near you.

Ben Guarino has this article in the WaPo with the above subhead. The headline is "Scientists identify four personality types."

Personality tests are hugely popular, though if you ask working psychologists, they'll tell you the results are little better than astrological signs. But a new study, based on huge sets of personality data representing 1.5 million people, has persuaded one of the staunchest critics of personality tests to conclude that maybe distinct personality types exist, after all.

The Dignity of Honest Work

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This is only tangentially on topic, but cultural decay is the true "root cause" of high crime rates, and declining work ethic is a major component of cultural decay.

The WSJ has this editorial on Geoffrey Owens, once a supporting actor on The Cosby Show and now employed at Trader Joe's.

An Enduring Error

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Barry Latzer has this article with the above title in the City Journal on the Kerner Commission Report half a century ago.

Fifty-one years ago, in July 1967, in response to an explosion of rioting in poor black urban neighborhoods around the United States, President Lyndon B. Johnson created a National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders, to be headed by Illinois governor Otto Kerner. The Kerner Commission issued its report seven months later, on February 29, 1968 ...
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In one sense, the Kerner Report reflected the liberal optimism of its era: federal programs to provide job training, social welfare, and slum clearance would right the wrongs of racism, it was widely believed. But in its bleak analysis and failure to account for the profound changes that had already been set in motion, the report also signaled the liberal pessimism that has become predominant on racial matters ever since. It's easier to see, looking back 50 years later, that the United States was headed in the right direction. The great crusade for civil rights not only drove down residential segregation; it also created opportunities for genuine African-American socioeconomic advancement. Yet the Kerner Report remains somehow deathless, its erroneous predictions taken as prophecy, its misguided prescriptions still blocking more constructive approaches to the problems that remain.

Each time we have one of these horrific mass shootings, many people shake their heads and ask, "What on earth could make somebody want to do something like this?"  In most cases, the perpetrator is dead and did not plan to survive the attack.  This time we have a living perpetrator, so perhaps we will learn more.

I suspect that a strong desire to be in the headlines is part of the motivation.  Too many young people place too much emphasis on being "famous" and have lost the distinction between being famous and being infamous.  There is even a television series titled, "Murder Made Me Famous."

In December 1941, President Roosevelt famously declared that the 7th was "a day that will live in infamy."  He didn't say "fame," and everyone knew the difference.  The perpetrators would go down in history, but as villains, and that was universally regarded as a bad outcome for them.

Pretending Our Way to Murder

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This essay by Paul Mirengoff puts as starkly a I have seen the price to be paid, in honesty and in lives, for refusing to acknowledge reality because it does not square with leftist ideology.  It's hard to tell if this phenomenon is more disgusting, more tragic, or more ironic  --  the latter because it's leftist academia that brays incessantly that we need "evidence-based" this or "research-centered" that.  In truth, it could care less about what research or evidence shows.  This is visible most prominently, in criminal law debates, in the fact that the Left denounces as racist more and more aggressive policing and increased use of incarceration  --  even though overwhelming evidence shows that these things made major contributions to the decline of murder and violent crime over the last 25 years, and thus saved thousands of black lives we otherwise would have lost.

The snarling subordination of evidence to ideology is well illustrated by the race-norming of school discipline.  As Paul explains:


We're screwed if we must pretend that black students in public schools are suspended and otherwise disciplined at a disproportionately high rate (including by black teachers) mainly because of their race rather than because of their behavior and, underlying that behavior, their upbringing and family structure. And if we must therefore  relax disciplinary standards. Lest we be accused of racism.

We're screwed if we apply the same kind of fiction to adult criminals and redefine what's a crime and what's a proper criminal sentence in an attempt to create racially equal outcomes in our (until now Anglo-American) justice system. Lest we be accused of racism. 

Murder, Race and Saving Black Lives

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We don't yet know what murder statistics will be for 2017 (they were awful in 2015 and 2016, the largest two year spike in decades).  There is evidence that murders are down in NYC, Chicago, and Washington, DC.  They are up in Baltimore, St. Louis and the densely populated Northern Virginia suburbs.

A friend just sent me the statistics for St. Louis.  They're a wake-up call, and not just because of a third straight annual increase.  They demand attention because the racial breakdown of murder victims veritably shouts at us about what we need to do if we claim to believe that black lives matter.

It's easy to summarize.  We need to suppress the murder rate.

And how do we do that?  This too is easy to summarize, because we spent an entire generation (1991-2014) massively suppressing it.  We did it with more police, more aggressive policing, more overall police-citizen encounters, restraining naive sentencing, and increasing incarceration for violent and drug trafficking offenders.

It's not a matter of what is vaguely called "community trust."  A big majority already trusts the police  --  considerably more than trust the Supreme Court, schools, churches or the medical system.  It's a matter of maintaining the existing trust of everyday citizens  --  and increasing fear of the police in hoodlums and would-be hoodlums.

The Cause of Increased Homelessness

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What is the cause of the recent increase in homelessness in California?  El Cajon Mayor Bill Wells has this op-ed in the San Diego Union-Tribune placing the blame on the California Legislature and its ideological anti-personal-responsibility agenda, although he notes an ill-conceived initiative and a Supreme Court decision as well.
Robert L. Woodson has this op-ed in the WSJ with the above subtitle.

This summer, law professors Amy Wax and Larry Alexander caused a stir with an op-ed lamenting the decline of what they called "bourgeois norms." "All cultures are not equal," they rightly observed. Those that encourage self-restraint, delayed gratification, marriage and a strong work ethic tend to thrive. Those that tolerate or excuse substance abuse, out-of-wedlock pregnancy and dropping out tend to break down.
I would add obeying the law and not violating the rights of others (which are often the same thing).  See my Sept. 20 post.

Ms. Wax and Mr. Alexander were instantly accused of racism by the growing army of angry academics who police the prevailing narrative of black victimhood.
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The Bogus Theory of Implicit Bias

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Implicit bias theory has become widespread in academia.  It's used in criminal law as a high-brow form of accusing one's opponent of racism  --  i.e.,  of calling whites bigots, and therefore incapable of giving a fair shake to minorities, without seeming too nasty about it.

This is condescension impersonating charity, but that's not the worst thing about it.  The worst thing is that implicit bias theory is baloney, as Heather MacDonald illustrates here. She starts off:

Few academic ideas have been as eagerly absorbed into public discourse lately as "implicit bias." Embraced by Barack Obama, Hillary Clinton and most of the press, implicit bias has spawned a multimillion-dollar consulting industry, along with a movement to remove the concept of individual agency from the law. Yet its scientific basis is crumbling. 

Implicit-bias theory burst onto the academic scene in 1998 with the rollout of an instrument called the implicit association test, the brainchild of social psychologists Anthony Greenwald and Mahzarin Banaji. A press release trumpeted the IAT as a breakthrough in prejudice studies: "The pervasiveness of prejudice, affecting 90 to 95 percent of people, was demonstrated today . . . by psychologists who developed a new tool that measures the unconscious roots of prejudice."

Teaching Kids to Hate Cops

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LifeZette posts this mind-boggling story:

The Chicago Public School system is introducing a new curriculum for eighth- and 10th-grade students....

As part of a 2015 reparations deal, Chicago public school students will be [exposed] to a new six-lesson curriculum "about Jon Burge, a former CPD detective accused of using torture, primarily on black men in his custody between the 1970s and 1990s, to force confessions to crimes," reported The Columbia Chronicle.

Burge was allegedly responsible for torturing over 200 suspects in police custody between 1972 and 1991. The Chronicle makes it clear, however, that the true motivation behind the new course of study is not to educate Chicago's youth about Burge as much as to teach the myth of systemic racism in law enforcement.

"The first lesson calls for students to discuss opinions or experiences with racism and police brutality. This precedes discussion of Burge's human-rights abuses and the police officers whose actions helped him hide his crimes," reported The Chronicle.

It doesn't get any better.

It's the Culture, Stupid

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Last month, law professors Amy Wax of U. Penn. and Larry Alexander of U. San Diego published this op-ed in the Philadelphia Inquirer.  Their thesis was that the breakdown of "the basic cultural precepts that reigned from the late 1940s to the mid-1960s" was "implicated" in a host of modern maladies, including crime:

Too few Americans are qualified for the jobs available. Male working-age labor-force participation is at Depression-era lows. Opioid abuse is widespread. Homicidal violence plagues inner cities. Almost half of all children are born out of wedlock, and even more are raised by single mothers. Many college students lack basic skills, and high school students rank below those from two dozen other countries.
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That [late 40s - mid 60s] culture laid out the script we all were supposed to follow: Get married before you have children and strive to stay married for their sake. Get the education you need for gainful employment, work hard, and avoid idleness. Go the extra mile for your employer or client. Be a patriot, ready to serve the country. Be neighborly, civic-minded, and charitable. Avoid coarse language in public. Be respectful of authority. Eschew substance abuse and crime.

This would seem to be self-evident and ought not be controversial.  But Wax and Alexander work in the Bizarro World of contemporary academia.

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