Recently in Judicial Selection Category

More Ugliness on Judicial Confirmation

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Ashley Baker of Committee for Justice has this op-ed on the ugly politics behind the opposition to the nomination of Naomi Rao for USCA-DC.

The women's movement was on display at this week's State of the Union address ....  One would expect that these same Democratic women would be similarly excited that a woman has been nominated for Kavanaugh's now empty seat on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit.

But just the opposite was true when the Senate Judiciary Committee met Tuesday to hear from Neomi Rao, the D.C. Circuit nominee. I'd like to say I was surprised but Rao is a conservative and, on the Hill, the #MeToo movement is about partisan politics rather than about women.
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An irony of Democrats' judicial confirmation politics is that their efforts to thwart nominations deliberately and disproportionately impact stellar minority and female nominees. Just ask Miguel Estrada or Janice Rogers Brown.

Mixed News on Nominations

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Nominations can no longer be filibustered since then-Majority Leader Harry Reid invoked the "nuclear option" five year ago. They can still be slowed down, though, because anything less than unanimous consent requires 30 hours of debate per nomination, and the Democrats are now requiring that for every nomination whether they have anything against the nominee or not.

That is an "uncommonly silly" rule, to borrow Justice Stewart's famous term. Aside from Supreme Court Justices and cabinet officers, no nomination needs more than an hour of floor debate, if any at all. Hugh Hewitt writes in the WaPo that current Majority Leader Mitch McConnell is on the verge of dumping that rule the same way that Sen. Reid dumped the filibuster. Maybe that should be called the "fallout option."

Hopefully this will expedite nominations. It is quite uncalled for that so many highly qualified people have to put their lives on hold while the Senate dithers.

President Trump renominated a bunch of judicial nominees Tuesday, a step made necessary by the election of a new Congress. Conspicuously missing are the three California nominees to the Ninth Circuit: Patrick Bumatay, Daniel Collins, and Kenneth Lee. They are caught up in a "blue slip" dispute with California's senators. Gregg Re has this report for Fox News.
Ann Marimow reports for the WaPo:

Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg blamed the polarization of the nation's judicial confirmation process on a lack of bipartisanship and collegiality in Congress during a public appearance Wednesday in Washington.
Joel Shannon has a report in USA Today titled: Witches plan to hex Brett Kavanaugh using effigies, coffin nails, graveyard dirt and more

Where is Hermione Granger when we need her?

Filling USCA and USDC Vacancies

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The headlines lately have been filled with the battle of the U.S. Supreme Court vacancy, but the vacancies on the circuit and district courts also matter. I have noted here more than once the excessive delay in filling vacancies on the notorious Ninth Circuit, in particular.

The WSJ has this editorial noting an agreement between the Senate's majority and minority leaders:

Majority Leader Mitch McConnell announced Thursday afternoon that the Senate would vote on the 15 nominees by the end of the evening. Three nominees are for appellate courts--one each for the Second, Third and Ninth Circuits. That would put the total of appellate judges confirmed at 29 in the last two years--a modern record for the first two years of a Presidency.
Meanwhile, back on the Left Coast, California's senators are deeply unhappy with President Trump's announcement of three nominees for the Ninth Circuit. Sarah Wire reports for the LAT:

Sens. Dianne Feinstein and Kamala Harris complained Thursday that they did not sign off on three White House nominees for open California seats on the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals and said they would oppose their confirmation in the Senate.

President Trump announced Wednesday evening he had nominated Assistant U.S. Atty. for the Southern District of California Patrick J. Bumatay, Los Angeles appellate attorney Daniel P. Collins and Los Angeles litigator Kenneth Kiyul Lee for California-based vacancies.

Circularity

The 2πR Award for Circularity this week goes to Senate Minority Leader Charles Schumer, who said that Judge Brett Kavanaugh should not be confirmed because his testimony showed he has "deep resentments."

With this innovation, we now have a foolproof way to derail almost any judicial nominee whom one opposes for other reasons. Just treat him or her so badly that any person capable of normal human feelings would be justifiably and deeply resentful, and then vote the nominee down on the basis of those resentments. Brilliant.

To counter this strategy, the Administration would have to nominate complete stones with no feelings. Um, do we really want that?

The Mitchell Memo

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Arizona prosecutor Rachel Mitchell, retained by the Senate Judiciary Committee majority for the Kavanaugh/Ford matter, submitted this memo to the majority on Sunday, titled "Analysis of Dr. Christine Blasey Ford's Allegations." I will just make it available here without comment.

Update: Marc Thiessen has this column on the memo in the WaPo.

More Kavanaugh Developments

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News is breaking fast in this matter, and I won't attempt to keep up with it all, but I will note two matters reported in the press as follow-ups to the earlier post.

Following up on the vote to send the Kavanaugh nomination to the floor, the Judiciary Committee asked the Administration to reopen the FBI background investigation "limited to current credible allegations against the nominee."

Not sure about that plural "credible allegations." Hopefully it is only intended to leave to the FBI to determine which of the current allegations are sufficiently credible to be worth investigating and not prejudge that there is more than one.

President Trump promptly directed the FBI to update its background investigation in accordance with the terms requested, limited in scope and within a week.

Senator Flake Votes Aye

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One of the key Senators to watch in the Kavanaugh confirmation battle has been Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona. He is not a Trump fan, to put it very mildly. He is not running for reelection. He has no apparent motive other than the merits regarding how to vote. This morning he issued this statement:

"After hearing more than 30 hours of testimony from Judge Kavanaugh earlier this month, I was prepared to support his nomination based on his view of the law and his record as a judge.  In fact, I commented at the time that had he been nominated in another era, he would have likely received 90+ votes.

When Dr. Ford's allegations against Judge Kavanaugh surfaced two weeks ago, I insisted that she be allowed to testify before the committee moved to a vote. Yesterday, we heard compelling testimony from Dr. Ford, as well as a persuasive response from Judge Kavanaugh. I wish that I could express the confidence that some of my colleagues have conveyed about what either did or did not happen in the early 1980s, but I left the hearing yesterday with as much doubt as certainty.

What I do know is that our system of justice affords a presumption of innocence to the accused, absent corroborating evidence. That is what binds us to the rule of law. While some may argue that a different standard should apply regarding the Senate's advice and consent responsibilities, I believe that the constitution's provisions of fairness and due process apply here as well.

I will vote to confirm Judge Kavanaugh."

That determines the outcome for the committee, and it goes a long toward determining it for the full Senate. To defeat the nomination, the opposition needs to peel off two Republicans and not lose any Democrats. Not impossible, but much less likely than yesterday.

Update: At the last minute, Senator Flake conditioned his aye vote on there being an FBI investigation "limited in time and scope" to one week and the allegations currently before the committee, with a postponement of a floor vote to allow for it. Okay. There is very little chance of that changing anything, and one week does not make that much difference. With that, the nomination advanced to the floor with a favorable committee recommendation.

A Stumble Down Memory Lane

Much of the commentary on the recent Kavanaugh controversy has simply assumed that if two people tell inconsistent stories about a long ago event, one of them must be lying. I noted in this post a week ago why that is not necessarily so. Sometimes people simply remember things wrong, especially at long time intervals. A person can be fully candid in a statement of how he or she remembers an event and still say things that are factually incorrect.

This morning Prof. Richard MacKenzie of UC Irvine has this op-ed in the WSJ with the above title:

The more remote a memory is in time, the less reliable it tends to be, partly because of decay and partly because recalled memories can be corrupted by new information. New and old memories can be conflated, sometimes emerging as totally false memories. Memories can be warped by leading questions from therapists, lawyers, journalists or others.

My colleague Elizabeth Loftus was able to "implant" false memories in a significant subset of laboratory subjects by showing them an official-looking poster of Disney characters, including Mickey Mouse and Bugs Bunny. Many subjects later remembered meeting Bugs Bunny on a childhood trip to Disneyland. Some of them even reported that Bugs had touched them inappropriately.

That was impossible. Bugs Bunny isn't a Disney character.
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Pundits have drawn a line between Judge Kavanaugh and his accusers, and insisted Americans take sides. But there is a third way: Remain agnostic until you know whether the accusations are backed by independent corroborating evidence. Without corroboration the public--and members of congressional committees--can't know whether a memory is authentic or is a product of some other process.

Situational Ethics

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In a City Journal piece, Heather MacDonald provides some much-needed perspective on the current effort to scuttle the confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court.  "If Supreme Court Justice William Brennan were posthumously discovered to have aggressively groped a girl once in high school, should that fact discredit his landmark opinions expanding press freedom, legal protections for criminal defendants, and voting and welfare rights? Would it have been better for the country, from a liberal perspective, if Brennan's judicial career had been derailed from the start?  Ironically, Hillary Clinton had it right when she called her husband's affair with a White House intern a "lapse," notwithstanding that it represented an abuse of workplace hierarchies. Today, of course, Clinton and her supporters are singing a different tune. The late Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals judge Stephen Reinhardt (for whom I clerked), arguably the most liberal judge in the country, was appalled by the treatment of his fellow Ninth Circuit jurist Alex Kozinski, driven off the bench last year by feminists for his juvenile sexual repartee.  Reinhardt told me. It was a tragedy, that privileged law clerks would bring down someone who was fundamentally so good and decent and one of the best judges we have." 

The "Fresh Report" Fallacy, Again

I rarely mention President Trump's tweets on this blog, but this one from Friday warrants a mention:

I have no doubt that, if the attack on Dr. Ford was as bad as she says, charges would have been immediately filed with local Law Enforcement Authorities by either her or her loving parents.
That's the old "fresh report" problem that I mentioned in this post Tuesday.

Whatever value the "fresh report" rule has as a rule of evidence (and I believe its costs outweigh its benefits), as an empirical matter the inference the President draws is simply not correct. A solid majority of sexual assaults are not reported, including a great many as bad as the one alleged. As for the parents, the most likely reason they did not report it is that they did not know.

In Smith v. Murray (1986), the Supreme Court noted that it is the hallmark of effective advocacy to winnow out the weak claims and focus on the strong ones. There are strong arguments that Judge Kavanaugh's advocates can make. (For example, the third person who was supposedly in the room said no such incident involving him and Kavanaugh ever happened.) An advocate does not do the "client" any good by garbaging up the case with clearly invalid arguments when strong ones are available apotheek.

The President personally does not need to advocate at all. He commendably refrained from public statements on this matter for some time. That was the way to go.

Fake News

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Cristina King, who attended the same school as Christine Ford, wrote a post on Facebook, since deleted but captured in this tweet, saying among other things, "This incident did happen. Many of us heard about it in school and Christine's recollection should be more than enough for us to truly, deeply know that the accusation is true."  Now there's a bombshell.

But, Domenico Montararo reports for NPR:

A former classmate of Christine Blasey Ford tells NPR that she does not know if an alleged sexual assault by Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh took place as she first suggested on social media.

"That it happened or not, I have no idea," Cristina King Miranda told NPR's Nina Totenberg. "I can't say that it did or didn't."

Suggested?

"In my [Facebook] post, I was empowered and I was sure it probably did [happen]," Miranda told NPR. "I had no idea that I would now have to go to the specifics and defend it before 50 cable channels and have my face spread all over MSNBC news and Twitter."

It's okay to state that you definitely know an accusation is true when you actually have no idea because it makes you "empowered"? That is what the Supreme Court's defamation cases call "reckless disregard of the truth," which falls in the same range of culpability as outright lying.

Even so, at this point I think it would be a good idea for some investigative agency to go around and ask all these former preppies if they heard about the incident at the time. Maybe someone knows something, and, if it happened, who actually did it.

The Problems With Old Memories

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How do you deal with an accusation based on a memory so long ago and so lacking in detail that it can neither be proved nor disproved?  The Senate Judiciary Committee is going to hold a hearing on the accusation by Christine Ford against Brett Kavanaugh, but we can already be fairly sure it will be inconclusive, with many people seeing the result they want to see.

In criminal law, an accusation that can't be proved results in acquittal, even though it can't be disproved either. As we have noted before on this blog, "exonerations" on the so-called "innocence list" can be the result of a case going back to the trial court decades after the crime.

How about nominations? Should an unprovable-undisprovable accusation from decades ago scuttle the nomination of a person who has been a straight arrow ever since and (according to dozens of  contemporaries) was also one at the time with the possible/possibly not exception of this one incident? The WSJ has this editorial taking the "no" side of that question.

Reopened Kavanaugh Hearing Next Monday

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Kristina Peterson and Peter Nicholas report for the WSJ:

The Senate Judiciary Committee will hold a hearing next Monday with the woman who has accused Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh of sexual misconduct, according to lawmakers and aides.

The hearing would give the public an chance to hear more about the three-decades-old accusations against Judge Kavanaugh that now threaten to derail his nomination to the high court. The Senate is expected to announce details of the hearing shortly.

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